Comparing and contrasting Essay

One of the best methods to help us clarify our thoughts about a character, an event, a poem, a story—nearly anything—is to compare and contrast. (To compare can mean to find similarities and differences. Coupled with contrast, however, to compare means to point out similarities, while to contrast means to point out differences.) Many of us, feeling weighted down by cares, have happened to see someone coping with a much greater burden or handicap—and suddenly our problems become insignificant in comparison. Seeing how our situation relates to another’s, we have gained perspective. The only way to have that perspective is by viewing things in relation to one another—by comparing and contrasting. Considering two characters, for example, can help us think more effectively about each. (Authors frequently invite such comparison by including a character foil in a story—a character who serves to emphasize the attributes of another character because t he two are so different.) Let’s consider, specifically, Rainsford, the protagonist of Richard Connell’s story â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game,† and the unnamed protagonist in Jack London’s â€Å"To Build A Fire.† How are the two men comparable? Each confronts a life-threatening situation. Rainsford is chased by the fanatical Zaroff, and London’s protagonist combats the extreme cold of theYukon. Each fights down panic and acts swiftly and decisively. Rainsford sets traps for his pursuers and finally tricks Zaroff; the man in theYukon quickly builds a fire after his feet are soaked. Each denies the suggestion of an acquaintance: Rainsford tells Whitney that hunted creatures have no feelings, and London’s protagonist ignores the old-timer’s advice. And each man learns, as a result of his ordeal, that he has been wrong. On the other hand, the men are different in several ways. London’s protagonist does not have sufficient foresight to realize, in the first place, that he shouldn’t be out alone in such cold, and second, that he shouldn’t build his fire under a tree. He fails to overcome the crisis that he brings on himself, and as a result, he dies. Rainsford, however, falls  into his ordeal quite by chance, by tumbling from the ship. He refuses to sacrifice his principles to extricate himself from the crisis: he tells Zaroff that hunting men is murder pure and simple. Once he realizes the game he must play, he plays it with great cunning, and he triumphs. As illustrated in the two preceding paragraphs, there are two ways to write a paragraph of comparison or contrast. As in the first of the paragraphs, we can shuttle back and forth: A is similar to or different from B in one respect; A is to B in a second respect; A is to B in a third respect; and so on. On the other hand, as in the second of the paragraphs, we can write in a block about one of the items under consideration (A) and then about the other (B). Neither way is better, though the shuttle method is a bit more demanding since it requires that we have matching statements about the pair under consideration. Even if we use the block method, we should try to list corresponding details in the same order in both parts of the paragraph; we also need to be sure to provide a link between our discussion of A and B. In any case, a well-organized comparison, whether focusing on literature or something else, is a powerful way to illuminate both the items that we are considering. –An Addendum to Jim Stover’s Discussion about Comparisons (Bob Fulton) Sometimes it is helpful to indicate to your reader what you feel is more significant, the similarities you have discovered between the two things you are comparing or their differences. Consider now two other fictional characters, Goodman Brown from Hawthorne’s story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and the narrator from Poe’s story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart.† After you have listed as many similarities and differences as you can in preparing to write a comparison paragraph between these two characters, you may decide that the differences you have found are far less significant or interesting than the similarities. Because you are developing a comparison, you are obliged to acknowledge that there are, indeed, differences between Goodman Brown and Poe’s narrator. (If you were to focus exclusively on the similarities these characters share, your reader might suppose that you had entirely overlooked their differences and that, as a consequence, your essay or paragraph must  be flawed and therefore without merit.) But you also want to make clear to the reader your sense that the similarities outweigh the differences. What’s the solution? Here is a suggestion. Start your paragraph with a topic sentence: Although there are striking differences between Goodman Brown, the central character of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† and the narrator of Edgar Allen Poe’s story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the similarities between these two figures suggest a central point about protagonists in nineteenth-century American fiction: they tend to isolate themselves from others through their obsessive behaviors. Then go on to introduce differences: At first inspection, Goodman Brown and Poe’s narrator appear to be quite unlike each other. The narrative â€Å"I† of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is a crazed murderer with no apparent friends or acquaintances other than the old man he kills and butchers. Goodman Brown, by contrast, is a member of the community, married, with children, and, at his worst, a silent grouch. Murder never crosses his mind. The narrative â€Å"I† of Poe’s story seems eager to share the fact of his murderous crime with the police who come to his apartment, whereas Goodman Brown has no desire to tell anyone in his village what he thought he saw and did on the night he ventured into the woods. Now get to the central issue, how these two characters share very important similarities: Nevertheless, these two characters are twin brothers at heart. Each is desperately concerned with sin and evil. Poe’s narrative â€Å"I† cannot resist the pull which draws him to the old man’s bedroom. He cannot resist the urge to illuminate â€Å"the vulture eye.† Likewise, Goodman Brown will not put off his journey into the woods, even though his wife of three months begs him to remain at home. He must press on to face wickedness itself. The behavior of each is absolutely determined by this concern to uncover the  mystery of evil and deal with it. And this obsession isolates Poe’s narrative â€Å"I† and Hawthorne’s Goodman Brown from their fellow creatures. In their obsessive behavior these characters are linked with other figures in nineteenth-century American fiction—Captain Ahab, for instance, in Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick, Bartelby in Melville’s â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener,† Natty Bumppo in James F enimore Cooper’s â€Å"Leatherstocking† novels, and Arthur Dimmesdale in Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter. If you were to write an essay comparing these two stories, the topic sentence I have written for the paragraph above would serve as your thesis statement for the comparison essay. Put your thesis statement at the top of your introductory paragraph—that’s right, the thesis statement is your first sentence—then go on to write a topic sentence for each of the paragraphs in the body of your essay. These topic sentences become the second, third, fourth, etc., sentences of your introductory paragraph In the last sentence of the introduction, sow a seed for the final paragraph of your essay, a â€Å"so-what?† paragraph. This paragraph IS NOT A CONCLUSION. Instead, it answers the question â€Å"So what?† Imagine someone asking you to explain why you wrote the comparison you did. Your response is to put your analysis in a context. Using the above example, I might say: â€Å"In their obsessive behavior these characters are linked with other figures in ninete enth-century American fiction—Captain Ahab, for instance, in Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick, Bartelby in Melville’s â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener,† Natty Bumppo in James Fenimore Cooper’s â€Å"Leatherstocking† novels, and Arthur Dimmesdale in Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter.† To avoid repetition, when you write the body paragraphs, paraphrase the topic sentences which you have already placed in your introduction to avoid repeating them verbatim in the body of your essay. Each of these paraphrased topic sentences should govern what goes into their paragraphs in the body of the paper. Likewise, when you come to the â€Å"so-what?† paragraph, paraphrase the seed sentence you wrote at the end of your introductory paragraph. This paraphrase of the seed sentence is the focus of your essay’s final paragraph, the paragraph which answers the question â€Å"So what?† You should not be surprised if this final paragraph is longer and more  detailed than any of the body paragraphs. After all, it is meant to open up for your reader a wider perspective than the body of your essay can provide.

Will E-Market Replace Traditional Marketing, in the Future

E-market or internet marketing is getting wider as the consumer only need the internet to buy or order the stuff they needed. They don’t need to go to the actual place to order but with just a single click they can have whatever they want. There are both advantages and disadvantages in e-marketing. However, as modernization occurs e-marketing is something many can’t live without. Everything is made easier with a click on the finger tips as the consumer have everything at their expense. However, if the E-marketing dominated the business world, it doesn’t mean that the traditional marketing will be replaced.Even though it is widely agreed by many that e-marketing will replace traditional marketing, but I think somehow that either one will work. Since internet nowadays is widely used by the people all around the world. This makes the Internet able to connect to others and target the customer is better as the customer are able to surf the Internet anywhere and anytim e. E-marketing is important and the ability to reach a targeted audience is better than the traditional marketing. According toB2B Magazine Survey (2005) as quoted by Harris in WebProNews, it says that there are 95% of purchasing agents use the web to research products and services.Most of the agent uses the web to research the goods and also to decide either to buy it or not. Furthermore, the customer also uses the web to search for the things that they wanted to buy or make the survey online to ensure that they have the best price and not cheated at the same time. With e-marketing websites such as, e-Bay, i. Send and Newzapp and mushrooming all over the cyber community, it is undeniable that in one way or another, its presence cannot be ignored. According to Ritu who is a freelance writer from Freelance. om says, â€Å"When it comes to marketing and advertising your services, it really is a jungle out there. Although there are many different forms of marketing, lately everybody s eems to be dancing to the tune of internet marketing not realizing the fact that traditional marketing isn’t out of beat yet, and I sincerely doubt it will ever be. † It has become booming business for them, as their business cater to the needs of many costumers, as compared to traditional marketing.Their products are economical, in which some people can get good quality products from USD 0. 9 dollars! Indeed, this is one of the major reasons that e-marketing appalled too many. Besides that, they are quick to promote their products too! With a click of a mouse, pictures and description of the particular product can be circulated quickly. Within minutes, their advertisement of this product has been viewed by hundred, thousand, and even millions! Hawkins (n. d) from Overstock. com once said this, â€Å"Every year the marketing landscape changes, every year the customers become more demanding, every year they’re wanting more things.You have to always be sprinting t o stay ahead of the competition. † That is the reason why the Internet marketing is used worldwide now; it is because of the customers being more demanding from day to day. Have you ever heard of Internet frauds? Some products do not appear to be as good as it looked like online. Images of the particular product can be photoshoped; camera lighting can be adjusted to make the product look better. Sometimes too, irresponsible sellers who are all out to make a fast buck may send the costumer a product that ceased to function.Only after paying a large amount of money, the costumer realized that it is actually a fraud! In the other hand, frauds are not so common in traditional marketing, as the costumer gets to choose and test the product well before buying it. According to the new statistics from San Francisco Chronicle written by Rosenberg (2007), victims of the 419-type scams had an average loss of $5,100 last year, an increase of $100 per incident compared with 2005 levels and an increase of $2,100 per incident compared with 2004.This shows that the e-marketing is not as safe as we thought it was. In the other hand, traditional marketing is slowly being forgotten as we step into the 21st century because the products are expensive! With products being handed down from the factory through a middle man, before it finally reaches the hands of the consumer, many additional charges have been added on. As a consumer, surely people prefer to get the same product for a cheaper price! Aside from that, traditional marketing too, can be demanding in another aspect.Have you ever been approached by promoters, all ready to give a lengthy explanations about the product they are about to sell to you? The con of traditional marketing is that it requires investment of time for promotion for the particular product. The seller themselves, approach the costumer to promote the product. In other words, traditional marketing can be considered inefficient. As logic tells us, how m any customers can the promoter approach a day? 30, 40 or 50 a day?Therefore, transmission of information for the particular product can be a slow to reach the customers when traditional marketing is used. According to the Harvard Business Review article written by Bill on August 2012, he said that the traditional marketing; including advertising, public relations, branding and corporate communications — is dead. It is because many people in traditional marketing roles and organizations may not realize they're operating within a dead paradigm. But they are. The evidence is clear that the traditional marketing era is almost end.However, it is agreeable that somehow, e-marketing will not take over traditional marketing. Why? According to Aronsky & Zchut (2011) from netlz. net, it says that one of the main reasons that traditional marketing appalled to many costumers is that there is human communication between the seller and the buyer. It is widely agreed that human communicatio n is essential to make a promotion for a product a success. While e-marketing depends solely on the advertisements circulated in the Internet, traditional marketing involves a human touch in the promotion of products.Demonstrations can be held to convince the costumer about the good qualities of the product, special discounts can be given. Haller (2010) from EzineArticles. com stated that trust is a huge factor of any business, regardless of how it is promoted. Laughter and jokes, and even personal stories of one’s experience using the product can be exchanged between the promoter and the costumer. Traditional marketing makes the business world less mundane and lively with the presence of human interaction, compared to the e-marketing world.Odden (2011) from TopRank quoted Ann Handley who is a Chief Content Officer at MarketingProfs and co-author of Content Rules once said this, â€Å"Even when you are marketing to your entire audience or customer base, you are still simply speaking to a single human at any given time. Worry less about sounding professional and worry more about creating remarkable content that other humans can relate to. † What she was trying to deliver was that traditional marketing begins when there is communication between two human being.In brief, e-marketing and traditional marketing is important to us in the future as e-marketing will save us time and also transportation cost. According to What is eMarketing and how it is better than traditional marketing? Article from Quirk. biz, â€Å"Marketing was a stories they used to convince other humans to trade Human have come a long way since then, (Well, we like to think we have) and marketing has too. Traditional marketing is also very important to us as it is an irreplaceable business in the world nowadays or in the future. Both of the business is important and can’t be replaced as it has its own value and also its own benefits.

Media Violence: the Effect on Children

MEDIA VIOLENCE: LEADING CAUSE OF VIOLENT AND AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG CHILDREN Introduction For many years, media violence has been a popular topic in terms of its influence over children. Exposure to violence can have significant effects on children during their development and as they form their own intimate relationships in childhood and adulthood.Researchers have that found nonaggressive children who had been exposed to high levels of media violence had similar patterns of activity in an area of the brain linked to self-control and attention as aggressive children who had been diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorder. Knowing the extent of the negative effect media has will help guide me in working with children. Does violent media cause psychological effects on children? Current research agrees that violent media is associated with aggressive behavior.Precarious behavior by children can include violence against others and lack of remorse for consequences. The Academy of P ediatrics (1999) says â€Å"More than one thousand scientific studies and reviews conclude that significant exposure to media violence increases the risk of aggressive behavior in certain children, desensitizes them to violence and makes them believe that the world is a ‘meaner and scarier’ place than it is. † This type of flawed thinking creates stressors in children that can lead to the onset of many different symptoms.Children who view media violence are more likely to have increased feelings of hostility, decreased emotional response to the portrayal of violence and injury that lead to violent behavior through imitation. If children begin to think that this type of violence is normal behavior, these thoughts are difficult to change later on in life. As written on Wikipedia (2012), one psychologist named Albert Bantura, tested his theory of the media’s extreme influence in 1963.The experiment, known as the â€Å"Bobo doll experiment†, tested diff erences in children’s behavior and actions after seeing a model being rewarded, punished or experiencing no consequences for aggressive behavior towards a Bobo doll. The results of this experiment shed light on how influential media can be on children and their behavior; children who had been exposed to the aggressive behavior exhibited nearly twice as much aggressive behavior than the control group. The findings of this experiment support Bandura's Social Learning Theory, a behaviorist theory.That is, children learn social behavior such as aggression through the process of observation learning – through watching the behavior of another person. Another view from researchers suggests that performing violent acts in video games may be more contributing to children's aggression than passively watching violent acts on television. According to this view, the more children practice violent acts, the more likely they are to perform violent acts (Cesarone, 1994). One example i s the case of Michael Carneal. He was said to have been a video game fanatic, and in 1997, he shot and killed three of his classmates.Michael Breen, an attorney in the case against Michael Carneal stated in court, â€Å"Michael Carneal clipped off nine shots in a 10-second period. Eight of those shots were hits. Three were head and neck shots and were kills. That is way beyond the military standard for expert marksmanship. This was a kid who had never fired a pistol in his life, but because of his obsession with computer games he had turned himself into an expert marksman† (Ivory, 2003), (Hanson, 1999, p. 15). This is not the only case of adolescents performing violent acts.On the other hand, the makers of these violent types of argue that it is violent children who are drawn towards these types of entertainment. They believe that a child must have been exposed to more than just media in order to exhibit behaviors that they may have seen. One hypothesis suggests that exposure to violent media can actually provide a healthy release for the frightening emotions of children and young adults. Conclusion Media is a powerful tool that can alter a child's ideas about the world. Everything that children see or hear in the media early on in their lives affects them in some way.Research shows that fictional television and film violence contribute to both a short-term and a long-term increase in aggression and violence in young viewers. Unfortunately, violence is one of the most popular forms of entertainment. The â€Å"Bobo Doll Experiment† performed in 1961 by Albert Bandura, demonstrated the human behavior is learned through social imitation and copying, rather than being inherited through genetic factors. As positive role models, we should keep the best interest of our children and limit their exposure to violent media. Works Cited Cesarone, Bernard, 1994, Video Games and Children ERIC Digest. ttp://www. kidsource. com/kidsource/content2/video. games. h tml Ivory, James D. , 2001, Video Games and the Elusive Search for their Effects on Children: An assessment of Twenty Years of Research. http://www. unc. edu/~jivory/video. html â€Å"Media Education. † Internet. http://pediatrics. aappublications. org/content/104/2/341. full. 1999 â€Å"Media Violence Research†. Internet. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Media_violence. 2012 Villani, Susan, 2003, Media Violence: More than Just Child’s Play? Facts of Life: Issue Briefings for Health Reporters vol. 8, no. 10. http://www. cfah. org/factsoflife/vol8no10. cfm.

Rhetoical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rhetoical analysis - Essay Example The author uses rhetorical techniques of logos, facts, and analogy, to effectively convince the readers, and make them aware of the limitations of the embryonic stem cells in human use. The author uses analogy as a strategy of making the readers relate to the issue she is addressing. In this case, Swenson has referred to The Emperor’s New Clothes, a fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen, which she knows is quite popular among the audience. This is about an emperor, who considered that his clothes were the best, compared to those of other people. He therefore, goes in public to display his new clothing, yet this was an imaginary instance in his mind. In reality, he had nothing on, and a child notices this and acknowledges it. Swenson uses this scenario to link with the case of the scientists working on the embryonic stem cell. He wants to make his audience to understand that, the whole embryonic stem cell project by scientists is in vain, imaginary, and likened to a fairy tale, just like the emperor’s imaginary valuable clothes. By using analogy, he compares the scientific project and the emperor’s incidence, as having similar outcomes, which is false hope. This ensures that this comparison remains memorable among the audience, thus making it easy for them to relate with (Swenson WEB). Secondly, the author uses evidence or support, to back her argument in the issue. This helps to make the audience consider the argument as having a solid ground. Swenson uses different forms of evidence to support her argument. For instance, she directs the audience to a website that will provide them with more information about the success of adult stem cells and cord blood treatments in treatment of many types of conditions. This supports her argument that only adult stem cell and cord blood treatment are successful in curing various conditions, and not the embryonic stem cell. She also revisits other incidences where embryonic stem cells failed to

Essay on team communication and problem solving

On team communication and problem solving - Essay Example Conflicts always arise in families with a common blood running through their veins, between lovers who share intimate moments and even among friends who have the same interests. Therefore, it should be without wonder when conflicts arise among officemates or classmates. Nevertheless, the commonness of conflict should not make one simply shrug his shoulders in the presence of conflict. Resolutions such as communication should be sought. This paper looks deeper into the role of communication in conflict management among team members and suggests ways in which people would come to understand further the use of communication to improve team performances and relationships. Communication is very important in every relationship. Nevertheless, people often get exhausted in their communication with others because their expectations are not met. Instead of having the problems resolved, most people encounter more problems and so many times, the problems actually grow bigger. This is because the y fail to see that their communication is ineffective. ... When one listens, he is able to process what is being said more effectively and in effect, will be able to say the right words or respond correctly. Jeane Segal and Melinda Smith agree with Lay and they also suggest people in conflict to â€Å"listen not only to what is said but also to what is felt†. They emphasize looking deeper into nonverbal communication expressed through facial expressions, posture, gesture, pace, tone and intensity of voice. Indeed, these are very important because emotions are the strong driving forces that make people say the words they speak. Human beings are also emotional beings and they often react to words in accordance to how they feel. For instance, when a person points out to another individual that the dress she is wearing is not fashionable, the other person may take it as an insult toward herself and not as a harmless comment about the dress, although the latter was the intention of the speaker. As a result, a conflict may ensue. Therefore, in addition to verbal communication, non-verbal communication should also be given much attention. The aforementioned authors also suggest that conflicts should be managed through non-verbal communication as well. For example, in the illustration given above, when the person saying the dress is not fashionable utters such with contempt, it could be that she is jealous of the other person. Therefore, instead of being offended and angry, the other person may simply give a reassuring touch that tells the person she does not need to be jealous. In addition, when it comes to team conflicts, members should be open-minded to effectively resolve problems. Kenneth Wallace, a seasoned consultant, speaker

Inferential Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Inferential - Statistics Project Example The data sets are divided into two sets; Android, Windows and Others representing the operating systems in the market and a dependent variable Smartphone on the category indicating the total cell phone sold with the operating system. The independent variables are the App is representing the App store, GUI represents the Graphical User Interface of the smartphone and the Functionality representing the functions carried out by the operating systems and the apps. The data is bivariate data as two variables are measured in a single study (William Mendenhall III, 2013). We calculated the operating system market share and the customer buying behavior towards the software capabilities of the smartphone. Most consumers prefer smartphones running on Android platform; on average 10 Android phones are sold daily. The consumer‘s are influenced by the app store on the phone, with 9 people every day says that the app store matters to them most. The positive coefficient indicates the directional effects of the independent variables and the effect they will have on the depend variable smartphone. Thus, with an increase in App, GUI or Functionality results to increase in sales of smartphones. Meaning that the consumer behavior depends on the software installed or can be installed on the gizmo. Goodness to fit ≠¥ 0.80 or 80% and we reject Reject H0 if p-value ≠¤ ÃŽ ±, where ÃŽ ± is the level of significance for the test (David R. Anderson, 2011). Thus p-value ≠¥ 0.0000, thus the null hypothesis is accepted. At 95% confidence level (1.869, 5.088), this are plausible values of parameter where mean may lie; thus, we expect more consumers to be influenced by App store parameter in smartphone. Thus we expect the sales of Android phones to increase with the same parameter as they are the market

Business Law and ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Law and ethics - Essay Example Yet, conflict itself is only one part of a much larger equation. Conflict, regardless of the organization or entity in question, is very much a real and measurable part of the way in which interaction between individuals takes place. However, at the moment in which an ethical conflict is determined to exist, the level and extent to which an individual is required to become not only part of the issue but work towards a solution is immediately denoted. As such, the conflict of interests and key pressures that exist within the business world oftentimes coincide to create a situation in which a possible â€Å"solution† to the conflict involves an unethical approach. Ultimately, even though these situations seem to be somewhat clear and readily understood, the level and extent to which an ethical issue or conflict exists is not only as black and white as it may appear. Oftentimes, both sides of a particular conflict are willing and able to utilize an unethical approach as a means o f solving the issue. ... ethical dilemma although a great litany of different questions should spring to mind when an individual faces an ethical dilemma, some of the first and most effective questions are contingent not upon who to blame; rather, the researcher/participant should instead focus upon seeking to understand what stakeholders are involved, understand what issues have prompted the disagreement, and seeks to promote a level of cooperation in achieving a mutually beneficial and ethically sound resolution. Moreover, when approaching a question that is links to an ethical dilemma, the individual should also seeks to divorce themselves from the level of bias. This includes, but is not limited to, attempting to understand the situation not from the standpoint of the stakeholders entirely but also from an ethical delineation of what is morally appropriate and how the different stakeholders involved in the situation would be affected within any particular course of action that is chosen to be taken. 3) D emonstrate the ability to identify and take into account others' interests Although the previous section has been concentric upon understanding the various roles that different interests/stakeholders have with regards to key issues of ethical nature, and ability to intensify, empathize, and take into account the interests of these individuals, beyond merely the ethical ramifications of the actions, is another component necessity that an individual seeking to provide a positive benefit within an ethical dilemma must engage. Ultimately, as was denoted within the first section of this analysis, the conflict that develops between groups of people, or individuals for that matter, is invariably part of everyday life. Ultimately, the interests that constrain these conflicts are the causal factors

Compare Two Types of Music Eras Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Compare Two Types of Music Eras - Essay Example This esssay stresses that the popular forms of music have taken over Western Culture, with the more artistic forms of music losing their niche in the world. Orchestra attendance is dropping all around the world due to this widening gap between what people listen to in the world. Also, modern composers have created some very interesting and complex music however the modern audience wants nothing to do with these complex and intricate forms of musical art. This article makes a conculusion that the advancements of music recording and the recording industry have also been great. Musical recording is able to do things with the composition and recording of music that would make past generations quake, and the vast possibilities that are possible with this new technology is amazing; even to someone like me who is not a fan of the modern music age. Despite what else the modern age has done, it’s contributions to music recording and technology have really increased the myriad of possibilities for anybody who wants to go into electronic music or the recording or music. Despite the advancements we have seen in the Modern Age, it has done nothing to compete with the huge musical development of other ages, such as the Middle Age. The rift that has developed has left the art forms of music in the dust, and I cannot advocate this by any means. Hopefully we will see a return to the artier forms of music one day.

Divorce in the Pentateuch Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Divorce in the Pentateuch - Essay Example This essay will critically analyze what the Pentateuch has to say on the topic. According to the Creation story it would appear that divorce was not a part of God’s plan when he created man and woman. â€Å"This is why a man leaves his father and mother and clings to his wife, and the two of them become one body† (Genesis 2: 24). If marriage was meant for two persons to be as one body then divorce would be viewed as an illness since it was making the body less wholesome. ‘If a man, after marrying a woman and having relationships with her, comes to dislike her, and makes monstrous charges against her and defames her by saying, â€Å"I married this woman, but when I first had relations with her I did not find her a virgin,† (Deut 22:13 – 14). The woman is viewed as an object and is always the property of the man whether it is the husband or the father. The verse further explained that the father should try to prove her innocence. Although this passage gave instructions that if the girl is found to be innocent the man should not divorce her it shows the responsibility that the community has when it comes to marriage and divorce. In return the couple is supposed to bear witness to the community and they had to show proof before a divorce could take place. The man was supposed to write the woman a certificate of divorce and send her away from his house. According to Hall this certificate was â€Å"crucial to protect her status† (359). Furthermore it served as a way of announcing to society that the woman was eligible to remarry. The man according to this verse in Deuteronomy is bound by the law in keeping his wife. He cannot divorce her because she was found to be innocent. This shows that this was the only grounds he had. â€Å"Moreover, she shall remain his wife, and he may not divorce her as long as he lives.† On the other hand

College tuition pricing and the drive behind it Research Paper

College tuition pricing and the drive behind it - Research Paper Example Government is encouraging private participation in educational sector as part of the liberalization policies. Private companies are utilizing this opportunity very well. The government has not implemented any laws to regulate the tuition fees hike in the higher educational sector. Private companies are thus exploiting the student community. This paper analyses the college tuition pricing and the drive behind it Contents 12 Introduction The importance of education in shaping the future of a nation is well documented by many scholars in the past. It should be noted that America is currently struggling to find enough manpower to cater the needs of the organizations. Plenty of expatriates are currently working in critical positions in America. Moreover, a substantial portion of American jobs are currently outsourced or offshored to overseas countries because of the shortage of skilled manpower in the country. It is believed that the quality of American education is diminishing as time go es on because of the reluctance of the governments in interfering in this sector meaningfully. Even though Obama and Bush have implemented some programs such as Raise to the Top and No Child Left Behind, as a solve the problems in American educational sector, none of these programs seem to be yielding the desired result. Rising tuition cost is one of the major problems facing by the American students. Even though students in the elite class may not face much problems with respect to the tuition price hike, students from the ordinary class forced to give up their ambitions about higher education. In 1987, then U.S. secretary of education William Bennett authored an op-ed piece in The New York Times titled â€Å"Our Greedy Colleges.† In the piece, Bennett complained about a comment made by Benno C. Schmidt Jr., then the president of Yale University (CT), who had blamed Yale’s tuition hike on cutbacks in federal financial aid. Bennett responded by writing, â€Å"If anyth ing, increases in financial aid in recent years have enabled colleges and universities blithely to raise their tuitions, confident that Federal loan subsidies would help cushion the increase. The theory behind Bennett’s assertion is relatively simple: The availability of federal loans—particularly subsidized loans offering a below-market interest rate and payment of interest as long as the student is enrolled in school—provides â€Å"cover† for colleges to raise their prices, because students can offset a price increase, or at least a portion of that increase, with federal loans (Heller, 2013, p.1). America seems to be implementing the theory of Survival of fittest (developed by Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer in order to explain the evolution theory and economic theory) in higher educational sector. This theory is relevant while explaining the problems related to raising tuition fees in American higher educational sector. In a civilized society like o urs, it is impossible to justify educational policies like helping only the fittest, with the help of theories like Survival of fittest. Every human has some natural rights and the right to get education is one among them. Government should never stay away from executing it’s duties under any circumstances. In ancient Roman Kingdom, parents were forced to kill unhealthy children because of the instructions from the King.

Strategic Human Resource Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Strategic Human Resource Management - Coursework Example Training is concerned with improving the current task force performance whereas development aims to build up and it increases competence level of employees for the better future performances. Q. 2 Hiring employees who need training is advantageous when the organisation need to maintain a particular knowledge and skills up to date for competitive purpose. Technology keeps on changing rapidly; thus it becomes beneficial to the company when they hire employees whom they need to train. This is vital because it will enable the business to create significant changes that will enable them to achieve a competitive advantage. However, it becomes advantageous to the company when they hire already trained employees because they already have significant work experience; thus this reduces costs of training, time and other resources of training unskilled employees. They also add knowledge to already existing organisation team and they are less costly to the company since training is costly and tim e consuming. Q. 3 The organization can determine in case its training is effective through employing effective evaluation criteria. Varied models have been developed in order to determine in case the training is effective; thus performance indicator is one of the models employed in determining the training effectiveness. Another criteria used is the dependent measure for operationalizing the effectiveness of training but there are other new approaches and models that have been proposed by researchers on evaluating the effectiveness of training (Arthur, Bennett, Edens and Bell, 2003). Kirkpatrick’s model is one of the new frameworks that attempt to reveal the effectiveness of training; thus this model takes into consideration four significant steps or criteria for determining the effectiveness of training. One of the steps is reaction criteria, which employs self report measures and another one is learning criteria, which measure the learning outcomes. Behavioral criteria also measure the actual work performance and it identifies the effect of t raining on actual performance. Lastly, results criteria and this determines in case the quality or productivity of the work has been improved. Q. 4 Behavioral methods are designed performance appraisal, which is based on rating the task performance of workforce depending on their behaviors. This is vital because it enables managers to determine the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of working performance for employees. Behavioral method judges the actions of employees by using a rating scale to evaluate or measure their particular behaviors. On the other hand, personnel comparison method is used for measuring and comparing each labor force with others in a certain group. Personnel comparison is considered an effective and reliable method of performance appraisal in situations where only employee need to be promoted; thus it is vital for ranking an employee against others in a group on diverse factors until they fi nd the best employee. Q. 5 The performance appraisal refers to the technique employed by HR managers to assess the task performance of a workforce. It is purpose is to assess the task of workforce in regard to particular standards. It is employed in measuring work performance of employees in order to determine their strength and weaknesses. It is imperative because it helps managers to offer efficient training programs or remunerate workforce according to the task

Foreign Direct Investment Disadvantages Essay Example for Free

Foreign Direct Investment Disadvantages Essay There is a lot to be said for big retail to come to India, but we cannot simply be taken in and mimic something which is being pushed down our throats because those who make the policy appear to not have the faintest clue on how retail really works in India If there were clear answers in black and white to the question, there would really be no need for any debate on the issue, but the truth is that it is simply not that simple. On a philosophical and emotional level, the answer could be that any form of foreign participation in a domestic market is rife with dangers of the colonialism sort, but in this day and age, while the core concept of being wary of foreign dominance may still be true, the fact remains that there are plenty of ways to ensure that it works on a win-win basis for all concerned. The main problem with the current status of foreign direct investment (FDI) in retail in India is that it does not provide a level playing field to other players of the domestic and small sort. In addition, it appears to take a rather naive and simplistic view on certain aspects, which like myths being repeated, tend to become urban legends. On the other hand, no country can afford to take on an isolationist approach. To start with, it may help to go through the background and policy note on the Cabinet decision on FDI in retail, as put up on various places on the internet. Facebook, PIB) As this writer sees it, with a holistic view of the subject and not just based on jingoism of the â€Å"burn down the malls† (right view) and â€Å"bad for farmers† (left view) sort, but on rational evaluation of larger issues, there are some points which need to be straightened out. Large retail is inevitable, and that is a simple truth, but there has to be larger perspective for public good which seems to be missing from this policy. The people of India come first, including those who want a better product or service buying or selling experience, and at the end of the day i t is their wallets which will decide where they go. But at the same time, the government, with the policy as outlined above, cannot sell the baby with the bath-water, and make things worse. Some suggestions: 1) The present Agriculture Produce Market Committee (APMC) Act requires urgent revamp if we really want to help the rural and agricultural sectors with a better go to market scenario. This, along with rapid introduction of the goods and services tax (GST) as well as ease of inter- and intra-state movement of foodgrain, agri products and fresh produce, would do more to improve matters, as well as do wonders for our conomy in a variety of ways—most of all in terms of controlling prices as well as reducing storage and transit losses. 2) The policy shown above makes a case that â€Å"brands† by big FDI retailers need to be carried across borders without in any way making it clear that the quality of those brands needs to be same across borders, too. As of now we see that with these manufacturers and retailers there is on e lower quality for sale in India and there is a better quality for sale in developed countries—case in point being soft drinks, processed foods, confectionery, electronics, motor vehicles and others. If anything is by way of a different quality for India for price or other reasons, then let it be clearly marked as such. 3) Specifically in the case of packaged and processed foods, the policy does not say anything about adherence to best case scenarios in terms of labelling of ingredients and avoiding misleading marketing ploys, thereby leading to a situation where outright dangerous products are foisted on Indian consumers. The amount of product detail available for consumers in developed countries must be matched for India, too. India cannot become a vast chemistry lab for processed foods or anything else. 4) More empirical data needs to be provided on subjects like â€Å"improvement in supply chain†. India is the country where the passenger rail ticket deliveries, fresh hot cooked food by dabbawallas and diamonds as well as other precious stones by angadias have set better than global standards in supply chains, so the same standards need to be quantified and applied to those seeking 100% FDI in retail. It is not too much to ask for them to match the Indian standards—unless those who made the policy are ashamed of our prowess. ) The investments in retail by the FDI route, when they come, should come only through a short-list of recognised tax adherence countries. The misused option of FDI coming in through known or suspect tax havens needs to be blocked—firmly. Likewise, full disclosures of the strictest sort need to be made on who the investors are—again, these cannot be suitcas e corporate identities hiding behind consultants and banks in shady tax havens or other countries. Unlike what happened in, for example, airlines, Indians need to know who is investing and from where. And in case there are legal issues, then we need to know who the faces are who will go through the Indian legal system, unless those who made the policy are ashamed of our legal system. 6) The payment processing and cash management as well as tax adherence part of this industry, both in terms of procurement and sale, need to be through the Indian banking system. And by fully transparent methods, so that float as well as control remains in India at all times, as is the case in developed countries.

Primate distribution in southern India

Primate distribution in southern India Primate distribution in southern India The Western Ghats of India is one of the biological ‘hot spots’ of the world (Myers et al., 2000). The western slopes and the ridges of these hills are covered with evergreen tropical rainforests. The eastern slopes and the adjoining Deccan plateau harbor mainly deciduous forests. The Western Ghats are divided into two regions: the southern and the northern Western Ghats, south and north of the Palghat Gap respectively. The rainforest regions are particularly rich in arboreal mammals and avifauna. Among the mammals, the most obvious species are primates and squirrels. The distribution of nonhuman primates varies in the two regions of the Western Ghats. Lion-tailed macaques occur from the southern tip of the Western Ghats, up to north of Sharavathy River, where the rainforests of the medium altitude end. Bonnet macaques and Hanuman langurs occur throughout the Ghats. The distribution of Nilgiri langur from the southern tip of the Western Ghats ends in the north at Brahmag iri, the region which also marks the end of Cullenia dominated forests (Pascal, 1988). South of Brahmagiri Hills, all four primate species are found in the forests of the Ghats. Primarily, bonnet macaques and Hanuman langurs are found in the dry deciduous forests of the eastern slopes, whereas lion-tailed macaques and Nilgiri langurs are found in the rainforests at the ridge and the western slopes. Each major forest type, therefore, is inhabited by a macaque which is a frugivorous species, and a langur which is a folivorous species. In certain areas of the southern Western Ghats, the bonnet macaques seasonally intrude into the rainforests and become transiently sympatric with lion-tailed macaques and Nilgiri langurs (Sushma, 2004). Habitat specialists and habitat generalists Species that make use of a wide range of resources or habitats are generalists and they tend to be widely distributed, whereas species that make use of a narrow range of resources or habitats are specialists and they often have a limited distribution (Brown, 1984; Hanski, 1982; Hanski and Gyllenberg, 1997). According to Hanski and Gyllenberg (1997), the biogeographic distribution patterns of specialists are the result of their using relatively smaller habitats than those exploited by generalist’s species. Generalists and specialists use different cues to locate their habitat and necessary resources. The ecological niche occupied by a species results from trade-offs in the fitness gained in different habitats or on different resources, and the level of specialization of an organism should reflect these trade-offs (Bonsall et al. 2004). Generalists have an advantage in exploiting a wider range of resources, whereas specialists are assumed to be more efficient at using a particular resource (Strickler 1979). To survive and reproduce organisms must extract energy from substances present in the environment. However, not all organisms extract the same energy from the same sub-stances. Different organisms may specialize in the type of food they eat. The internal food-processing mechanism of an organism (gut, colon, metabolism, etc.) tends to become adapted to the particular diet in such a way that the quantity of energy the organism is able to extract from each food type is determined evolutionarily. Langurs Langurs could be considered a model for the study of social organization since they inhabit variety of ecological conditions (Sterck, 1999; Karanth et al, 2010; Karanth, 2010). They are known to exploit diverse habitats from thick forests to human dominated landscapes (Fooden, 1980; Prater, 1993; Kumara et al, 2009; Sharma et al, 2009). Even though certain traits such as male dispersal (Rajpurohit, 1987; Rajpurohit and Mohnot,1988; Sommer and Rajpurohit, 1989; Rajpurohit and Sommer, 1993; Launhardt et al, 2001; Borries et al, 2004; Sharma et al 2009;), female philopatry (Sterck, 1997; Sterck, 1998; Koenig, 2000; Koenig et al 2004; Sterck, 2005), infant transfer (Poirier, 1968; McKenna, 1979; Scollay, 1980; Stanford, 1992;Kumar, 2005; Brent, 2008) etc. are common to all langur species, striking habitat related differences are observed in their group composition and social organization (Sterck, 1998; Koenig et al, 1998; Sterck,1999; Harris, 2006; Snaith Chapman, 2007; Wich Sterck, 20 07). Hence studies on inter-specific differences in behavioral ecology of langurs can provide insight into some of the crucial questions of social systems and individual behavior patterns of these species. Hanuman langurs / Nilgiri langurs South Asia is home to 15 species of langurs (Walker Molur, 2007). Nilgiri langurs are usually found in tropical evergreen forests of the Western Ghats at an altitude of 500 meter above sea level (Sunderraj, 2001; Sunderraj Johnsingh, 2001) whereas the Hanuman langurs are distributed all over the Indian subcontinent-including several species/subspecies such as S. e. achates, S. e. hypoleucos/S. hypoleucos, S. e. priam/S. priam priam (Kumara et al, 2009; Sharma et al, 2009; Karanth et al, 2010; Karanth, 2010). Nilgiri langurs are known to be largely habitat specialists (Singh et al 1997; Sunderraj, 1998) and Hanuman langurs are habitat generalists (Kumara et al,2009; Sharma et al; 2009). Because of a restricted range of occurrence, it is expected that the Nilgiri langurs show less genetic variability and thus less flexibility than the Hanuman langurs. Nilgiri langurs are mainly arboreal (Poirier, 1968; Sunderraj, 2001) whereas Hanuman langurs tend to be more terrestrial (Roonwal Moh not, 1977). Hanuman langurs are more adaptable influenced by availability and distribution of food (Chhangani Mohnot, 2006). Home ranges of Hanuman langurs are larger and they overlap extensively (Chalise, 1995; Chhangani, 2000; Chhangani Mohnot, 2006). Nilgiri langurs are more territorial and occupy smaller home ranges (Poirier, 1968; Sushma, 2004). In Hanuman langurs, the groups can be one male bisexual, multimale bisexual or all male band groups (Borries, 1997; Koenig et al, 1997; Sharma et al, 2009) and Nilgiri langurs are primarily one male bisexual groups (Poirier, 1968; Sunderraj, 2001). Behavioural studies on Hanuman langurs have been intensively carried out at various locations in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka (Monhot and Srivastava, 1992; Rajpurohit et al. 1994). However, in India, these studies have been conducted mainly in arid environment (Rajpurohit et al. 1994) and in dry/moist deciduous forests (Vasudev, 2006). Hanuman langurs are successful in their ability to adapt to a wide variety of habitats showing high social flexibility making them the ideal species for studies. However, very little has been known about the rainforest Hanuman langurs expect for one study on feeding ecology (Singh et al, 2011; Roy et al. 2012). It will be of interest to explore the social adaptations in the rainforest Hanuman langurs and to see how their behavior have evolved in comparison to arid environment. Studies on Nilgiri langurs suggest that the social structure and relationships and their behavioural patterns resemble that of Hanuman langurs (Poirier, 1968; Tanaka, 1965). Changes in ecological factors like habitat destruction and fragmentation, langur habitats may have been reduced leading to changes in group composition and social system (Sunderraj and Johnshingh, 2001). The present study will be conducted to better understand both langur species’ behavioural patterns and social systems to explore and carry out comparative analysis on differences in their present environmental conditions. The aim of the present study is to employ same methodology to study the behavioral ecology of Nilgiri langurs and Hanuman langurs and attempt a quantitative comparative analysis. Hence, the study has been designed with the following title. Looking for behavioral flexibility TRAITS TO BE STUDIED Life history traits On the base of the above mentioned differences between the two species. The life history of hanuman langur is expected to be more of r-type and Nilgiri langur to be more of K-type. Being primarily the dwellers of rainforests, Nilgiri langurs are expected to be more efficiency oriented whereas Hanuman langurs, being habitat generalists, are expected to be more reproductive efficiency oriented. This may result in differences in birth dynamics such as net reproductive rates, duration of infant dependency on the mother and infant development patterns. It is also suggested that different habitats and group dynamics may have an influence on reproductive (Rajpurohit et al, 1994) or competitive efficiency. Social system Large interspecific variation in group size is seen in Hanuman langurs (Sterck, 1998; Sterck, 1999; Sharma et al, 2009) whereas Nilgiri langurs tend to cluster around the mean (Joseph Ramachandran, 2001; Sunderraj, 2001). Female between group aggressions and infanticide (Rajpurohit et al, 2003; Rajpurohit Chhangani, 2003; Sharma et al, 2009) has been recorded only in Hanuman langur (Sterck, 1998) and not in any other langur species (Van schaik1992). Although the moving range of Nilgiri langur and Hanuman langur are found to be similar (0.1km and 0.15km respectively), Nilgiri langurs are said to travel less due to availability and abundance of food resources in their habitat (Tanaka, 1965). The Nilgiri langur has a unimale social system which is formed when juvenile males in a group mature to adulthood and then the group fissions into smaller unimale groups. In Hanuman langurs, group composition is formed according to the availability and distribution of food and space. There are three types of groups in Hauman Langurs, which are unimale, multimale and all male groups. A linear hierarchy exists amongst the females in Nilgiri langur where as in Hanuman langurs dominance hierarchy among females is less definitive than among males. Dominance hierarchies in Hanuman langurs were found to be significantly linear and relatively stable, but less so with increasing group size (Koenig, 2000). Individual behaviour Compared to Macaca, langurs show less frequent individual behavior differences (Tanaka, 1965). Although Nilgiri langur and Hanuman langur are relatively similar in their group size, composition and organization and also in behavioural patterns, intra- and inter- group activities are seen less in Nilgiri langurs when compared to Hanuman langurs. Behaviors like grooming, mounting and presenting, juvenile plays, etc were observed to be less frequent among Nilgiri langurs. Sugiyama (1965) observed that langurs travel widely when the food availability was sparse. In Nilgiri langurs, the habitat is usually forage abundant and good quality resulting in lesser travel. In Hanuman langurs the range size differs on the availability and quality of food in their distributional habitat/zone. As a result, more varied vocal communication is expected in Hanuman langurs than Nilgiri langurs. STUDY GROUPS One group each of Hanuman Langur and Nilgiri langur has been selected. Hanuman langur – Many intensive studies have been carried out on the populations of Hanuman langurs in arid, deciduous and semi-evergreen habitats. Since there is a lack of systematic and long-term study on rainforest Hanuman langurs, the present study will be carried out in rainforests of the Western Ghats at Gerusoppa, Uttara Kannada district. A unimale group (total 17) with 8 females, 5 juveniles/subadults and 3 infants has been selected. Nilgiri langur- For comparative analysis, a study group in Nelliyampathy, Kerala (Western Ghats) has been selected. A unimale group (total 14) with 8 femals, 3 juveniles and 2 infants has been selected. STUDY AREA The study area is low altitude degraded coastal evergreen rainforest in the Western Ghats of north Karnataka in Uttara Kannada district (Gerusoppa). Forest is mainly Dipterocarpus-Holigarna-Persia species with an average altitude of 650 m with an average annual precipitation of 4200mm with relatively high humidity of 95%. Ecologically this stretch of forest is important because, this is the northern most distribution of lion tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) which is sympatric with bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) and western hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus achates) (Kumara and Singh, 2004). Nelliyampathy is a Hill Station on the Western Ghats mountain ranges in Palakkad, Kerala. The green lush forest covers the whole hill area with coffee, tea, cardamom, vegetable and orange plantations. Nelliyampathy plateau lies at an altitude of 500-1000m. Major vegetation is evergreen, semi evergreen and moist deciduous. The forest mainly comprises of Cullenia, Mesua and Palaquim (Ramachandran and Joseph 2000). Three species of primates namely Bonnet Macaque, Lion tailed Macaque and Nilgiri langur are found in this habitat. Study Parameteres 1. To study the general activity pattern of the study species a. What are the different types of activity they do? b. What is the duration of different observed activities of each species? 2. To study the different social behaviour within a single group of each species a. Which are the socio-positive behaviour (like play, groom, inter- individual distances etc.) within a single group? b. Which are socio-negative behaviour (aggression, fight, bark etc.) within a single group? c. What kind of reproductive behaviour are shown in the adult individuals of a single group? 3. To study the inter-group interaction of each study species a. What is frequency of inter-group interaction with the neighbouring group of each study species? b. What kind of inter-group interaction they show with their neighbouring group? 4. To study the demography and social structures of the study species a. What is the group size of each study species? b. What is the age-sex ratio of the respective groups? OBSERVATIONAL METHODS Three methods have been adopted in this study for data collection they are: Ad libitum sampling The data is in the form of notes for events as and when they occur. We simply note down whatever is visible and seems relevant at that time. The events include identity of the individual and direction of agonistic encounter like threat, attack, dominance mount, subordinate present and displacement among individuals of a group. It is useful during preliminary observation or for recording rare but important facts. Focal animal sampling One individual was the focus of observations during a particular sample period of 5 minutes-Usually for several different categories of behaviour. What is recorded here is the behaviour of those individuals that are most easily observed. The choice of the focal individual is determined prior to the observation. During this period the time spent by the individual on different activities is recorded. It is also important to record certain aspects of other individual’s behaviour such as interaction with others and to whom a behaviour is directed. When the focal individual moves completely out of sight the recording would be stopped until it is visible again. Scan Sampling Instantaneous sampling or scan sampling was used here to study the different activity pattern of the individual animals. The methods involved collecting data on all visible individuals of the group. This was done for a period of 5min in which each individual was observed and data was collected through a pre-formatted data sheet. Data on distance between the individuals (any two particular individuals, one is nearest and other is distant one at an instant of time) was collected through scan sampling. During a scan, the data was gathered on: Date; Time; Individual (with identity); Activity (including Resting, Ranging, Foraging; Feeding on insects, Feeding on plant (specify the plant part being used), Social behavior; Substratum used (while feeding on insects); Place (tree or ground); Height of the tree; Height at individual was seen; Plant species (when the individual fed on plant food). Definition of Activities: Resting – Passivity lasting at least 5 seconds; Ranging – Travel and movement; Feeding – Ingestion of plant or animal food; Foraging – Searching for food; Social behavior – Any interaction between/among conspecific individuals. Study Period The study on Nilgiri langurs was carried out in Nelliyampathy reserve forest, nenmara forest division in Palakkad district of kerala.We observed the group of Nilgiri langurs from December 2010 to April 2011 and from April 2012 to January 2013 as a part of a large study on the behavior of primates in the Western Ghats. The amount of time spent on focal animal sampling was 235 h and 915 scans were collected. The study on S.hypoleucos was carried out in Gerusoppa forest division in the state of Karnataka.We observed the group of S.hypoleucos from January 2011 to April 2012 as part of the same study. The amount of time spent on focal animal sampling was 270 h and 1070 scans.

Model and Ideology of the Price System

Model and Ideology of the Price System 1. Introduction: Complexity has come from abundant subjects of thought, moreover, has reacted upon them, from mathematics to physics, from computer science to social sciences. Meanwhile, with the development of economics and the emergence of new way of trade, economics is no longer rife with linearity, continuity and a variety of phenomena that are easily predicted or understood. These phenomena have been labeled as complexity economics. The price system is a typical example of the application of complexity in economics. In this system, there are many similar and interacting parts (individual producers, agents), simple rules to obey (cost-benefit analysis) and aggregate patterns form from individual behavior (price). This report will first introduce the characteristics of neoclassical economics and come to illustrate the definition and ideas of complexity economics, which is helpful to comprehend the complexity in price system. And before moving to concrete examples, it will interpret a relative ideo logy —— the evolution of walrasian behavior. Then it will demonstrate several examples as concrete applications about price system which embody the operation principle of complexity in it. After these examples, an overview and a conclusion based on the illustration above will be stated. This report is aimed to introduce a new model and ideology of price system, and then a new ideology about economics, by illustrating and analyzing several representative examples. 2. From neoclassical economics to complexity economics i) Definition of complexity economics According to Richard H. Day (1994), the definition of complexity in economics in terms of dynamic outcomes is that â€Å"an economic system is dynamically complex if its deterministic endogenous processes do not lead it asymptotically to a fixed point, a limit cycle, or an explosion.†(as cited in Rosser, 1996). But this definition is in a broad sense so that some systems that others would argue should not be included are included. To define it in a narrow sense, we need more specific characteristics and they will be stated in next paragraph. ii) A comparison between the two types Complexity economics seems to be an inversion of neoclassical theory. Axel Leijonhufvud remarks that neoclassical economics â€Å"smart people in unbelievably simple situations,† whilst the real world involves â€Å"simple people with incredibly complex situations.†(as cited in Gintis,2006). According to Gintis (2006), there are five main aspects which the two types differ from each other. The first one is dynamics: the neoclassical economics is static, linear and thermodynamically closed so that it can be interpreted by algebraic geometry; while the complexity economics is dynamic, nonlinear and thermodynamically open, which lead itself to be far from equilibrium in general. The second one is agents: in the former, agents have â€Å"perfect information† and can optimize the information and surplus naturally; while in the latter, agents have â€Å"limited information† and face an obstacle of high price in information processing. This characteristics can be associated with the third one. The third one is networks: in neoclassical economics, agents face impersonal price system structure respectively without interaction; however, in complexity economics, agents have to participate in complex overlapping networks so that they can avoid the disadvantages of limited information and high costs in information processing as much as possible. In this way, under appropriate circumstance, agents in complexity economics can form non-optimal but high-efficient model for operating in complex environments. The forth one is emergence: in neoclassical economics, all the macro properties can be derived from its micro properties (for example, the fundamental theorems of welfare); but in complexity economics, macro patterns are emergent properties derived from micro interactions and behaviors, in the same sense that the chemical properties of a complex molecule, such as various carbon of simple substance, is an emergent property derived from its nuclear and electronic structure. In this case, we cannot analytically derive the macro-level properties from micro-level ones (its component parts), although there might be some undetected connections. Now we only can apply novel mathematical techniques to illustrate the emergent properties to some degree. The last one is evolution: there is no conditions or necessity for mechanism to create novelty or growth in complexity in neoclassical economics; while in the complexity economics, the evolution of differentiation, selection and amplification contributes to the novelty of system and the growth of complexity. 3. The Evolution of Walrasian Behavior In neoclassical economics, Walrasian equilibrium is the main concept in price system, which determines the price in markets according to linear supply-demand relationship. It is undeniable that walrasian theory still plays an irreplaceable part in nowadays economics. However, this theory builds upon a central hypothesis which excludes strategic behavior of manipulating prices directly or indirectly in agents’ own advantages. In Complexity and Artificial Markets (Schredelseker and Hauser, 2008), specific computations are made to illustrate the evolutionary model in price system. It shows the results of simulation experiments about an economy in which agents may have different behavioral rules on price determination. As we know, agents in our economy environment will compare the proà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ts gained in each iteration to those gained by other à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ rms in that iteration so that they can choose a better strategy in the long-run operation. Below is the terse and concise summary of the computations from Schredelseker and Hauser (2008). Assume a set of N firms by i = {1, 2,,N} competing in a market. For every output supplied to the market, this demand function has a clearing price P(Q(t)) for market at which it is sold. Assume all firms are â€Å"ex-ante symmetric† with typical cost function C(q)= c1q(i)c2, where q(i) is the production of each firm i={1,2,,N}, and the parameters c1 and c2 are positive. The evolutionary dynamics, which follows t = 0,1,2,.., proceed in discrete time. The principle that profits induced by current output is P(Q(t))qi −C(qi), i ={1,2, ,N}. When the profits are realized, firms can choose a better strategy in the long-run operation by comparison and it eration. In this way, the individual profit function can be presented: And the relative profit is: From the two functions, we can see the effect on prices that one firm changes its output (quantity) is completely offset by another firm as there is no externalities in the product. And the resulting equation, after maximization and without iteration, simply: P , which means that price is equal to marginal cost in the Walrasian allocation. So a conclusion can be drawn that only if agents maximize relative profits with no imitation, the Walrasian equilibrium can be reached. And the above equations shows that the relative to the average measure is equivalent to the absolute difference in the profits between any two identical firms. Hence, in the real markets, agents imitating the most successful firm from the past round performance so that those strategies that do not perform as well as the average firm will be eliminated before coming to next round. (Schredelseker and Hauser, 2008)

Study Abroad :: College Admissions Essays

Learning about new cultures is my favorite thing to do. I interact well with others and enjoy networking with new people. I have found that my ability to meet new people is a trait that makes every visit I have taken to different countries an enjoyable visit. I wish to participate in this program because it has always been a goal of mine to study abroad. By participating in this program I hope to learn about another culture, make international contacts, and gain valuable international business skills. Within this program I assume that I will experience different points of views from the American professors who will be teaching. Along with these different points of views, the Italian culture and interacting with other American students will be experiences I could not otherwise have. Â  International business is becoming increasingly more important, and although I have received great education while in college, I am eager to participate in this program because the first-hand experiences I will have cannot be equaled here in America. As a sixth grader I participated in Children's International Summer Villages in Finland. While in Finland I stayed with a host family for a week and lived in a school with forty different delegates representing ten separate countries. It truly was the best time of my life.

edmundlear Edmunds Soliliquy in Act 5 Scene 1 of Shakespeares King L

Analysis of Edmund's Soliliquy in Act 5 Scene 1 in King Lear The portion of `The Tragedy of King Lear' I chose begins on line 55 of act five scene one and continues to line 64. I chose this selection because it includes much information about plot and character. Prior to my selection Regan questions Edmund closely about his relationship with her sister, Goneril, because Regan suspects they have been intimate. Edmund denies these accusations at the beginning of act five scene one, but states his true intentions in his soliloquy starting on line 55. Shortly afterwards at the beginning of act five scene three Cordelia and King Lear are captured and held prisoner. In the selection I chose, Edmund expresses his true feelings about the love triangle he and the sisters Goneril and Reagan are in. "... Neither can be enjoyed, If both remain alive: to take the widow Exasperates, makes mad her sister Goneril; And hardly shall I carry out my side," (V, i, ll 58-61) Edmund conveys how though both sisters are vying for his love and eventually his hand in marriage, he does not love either, and is only playing them for his own benefit; he just wants to increase his power. "Stands on me to defend, not to debate." (V, i, ll 69) The selection I chose develops character in the play. Edmund's soliloquy shows how foolish the sisters really are, competing for the love of someone who is repulsed by the thought of them. Also it is ironic their rivalry that helped them get their land from Lear by outdoing each other with flattery for him is that what kills them, while their sister who didn't compete with false flattery against the two and got no ... ... Exasperates, makes mad her sister Goneril; And hardly shall I carry out my side, Her husband being alive." (V, i, ll 58-62) This also reveals that Edmund is incapable of loving anyone because he is so overwhelmed with attaining power. Goneril and Regan's characters are also developed in this selection. Both of the sisters are blinded by their `love' for Edmund to the point where they put all other things aside to get his love, and ironically the one they both love so much kills them, as Goneril poisoned Regan because she feared Regan would steal Edmund from her. After finding out that Edmund is defeated, she takes her own life as well. Without this soliloquy, a great void would be left in the play. Goneril, Regan and Edmunds characters would not be fully developed, the plot would not be as complex or entertaining.

Correctional Design Essay -- Research Desing

This paper will exam aspects of correlational design. According to Fabiano-Smith (2011), correlational designs are non-experimental research designs that focus on observing variables as they naturally exist. Since this design type is non-experimental, one of its major disadvantages is the focus on the relationship of the variables and not is cause and effect between the variables. Despite this weakness, correlational design does have several strengths. It observes the variables as they occur in a natural setting without manipulation. Researchers often use the initial establishment of correlational relationships between variables to identify what variables should be further studied for cause and effect utilizing experimental designs. Why was correlational design chosen? Two of the three studies chosen indicated that there was very little empirical data available for their specific area of study. Establishing correlational relationships is a logical way to identify independent variables for experimental cause and effect research. McDuffie, Yoder, and Stone (2005) indicated that there was no empirical data available on their study of autism and pre-linguistic predictors of vocabulary. Researchers on the effectiveness of patient communications and interactions reported that previous studies did not specifically ask patients how they felt about their care (Shelton & Shryock 2007). Both of these statements make the choice of a correlational study the obvious jumping off point for research. The third study identified a need to clarify symbolic play as a possible independent variable since past studies had lumped symbolic and functional play into a category together (O’Toole & Chiat, 2006). Was it possible to use a... ...sly used APA, and the educational year first exposed to APA. The dependant variable would be the APA portion of the grade on papers. If a correlation is shown between low comfort level or exposure and low grades it might be possible to have the students pre-identified via a survey for either self enrollment in APA style tutorial classes or self study on the APA citation method. A correlational between year of first exposure and low grades might indicate that APA needs to be stressed more in earlier writing classes. If no correlation is found, students who self identify as not very familiar with or comfortable with this writing style could then be pointed towards APA study resources earlier in the semester to catch up. This study could help students get ahead with their knowledge base so they are not learning and correcting while writing actual graded papers.

Hamlet-Soliloquy

Hamlet's perceptions of himself and his way of responding to his ‘quest' for revenge? Upon examination, It is clear that Hamlet Is ‘a divided mind' due to his Introspective way of thinking; a typical Renaissance character. Soliloquy 3 reveals that Hamlet has realized that his honor code demands him to exact revenge upon Claudia. However, halls moral code manifests itself Into constant self-recrimination, testament to his character.Hamlet begins by metaphorically comparing himself to a â€Å"peasant slave†, indicating that he has not dressed his honor code, as this distinguished the aristocrat from the peasant in Elizabethan times. The use of the exclamation is the first sign of his denunciation of himself due to his lack of action. This theme is advanced when he classically alludes to Hachure in reference to the play he has Just witnessed. Hamlet is ashamed that â€Å"he should weep to her† and ponders what the actor would do â€Å"had he the motive and the cue for passion that I have? Along with revealing the intellectuality of the Renaissance Hamlet, the classical allusion demonstrates that he is clearly frustrated by his Impotence for revenge. This is consolidated In the simile â€Å"Like John-a-dreams, unapparent of my cause† where Hamlet blatantly admits to Inaction, cutting a self- deprecating Image of himself. The rhetorical question â€Å"Am I a coward† attests to his Introspective nature as he Is self-analyzing whether the last portion of his soliloquy Is true or not.This begins a series of rhetorical questions in an attempt to conjure up a ensue of passion in the demoralizes Hamlet, which culminates with the fragmented sentence, â€Å"Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles villain! O, vengeance! † We can finally observe Hamlet thinking about revenge and this is affirmed when he begins to devise a plan to catch his Uncle's guilt, so that he â€Å"knows his (my) course†. Despite acquiring this new-found passion, his introspection still comes through when he claims that â€Å"The spirit I have seen may be the Devil†.This religious allusion reminds Hamlet of the mantra, ‘innocent until proven guilty, and Hamlet Is out to rove Claudia' guilt as â€Å"the plays the thing wherein he'll (I'll) catch the conscience of the king†. This rhyming couplet sets the stage for his plan for revenge and affirms that he Is truly â€Å"looking for certainties In a world of Gardner). All in all, soliloquy 3 is a perfect summation of Hamlet's complicated Renaissance mind: a journey from self-deprecation to blatant passion, culminating in the official beginning of his quest' for revenge.Hamlet-Soliloquy 3 By capital responding to his ‘quest' for revenge? Upon examination, it is clear that Hamlet is ‘a divided mind' due to his introspective way of thinking; a typical Renaissance demands him to exact revenge upon Claudia. However, his moral code manifests itself into constant self-recrimination, testament to his character. Hamlet begins by by his impotence for revenge. This is consolidated in the simile â€Å"Like John-a-dreams, unapparent of my cause† where Hamlet blatantly admits to inaction, cutting a self- deprecating image of himself.The rhetorical question â€Å"Am I a coward† attests to his introspective nature as he is self-analyzing whether the last portion of his soliloquy is can finally observe Hamlet thinking about revenge and this is affirmed when he reminds Hamlet of the mantra, ‘innocent until proven guilty, and Hamlet is out to that he is truly â€Å"looking for certainties in a world of uncertainties†(Helen Gardner). All in all, soliloquy 3 is a perfect summation of Hamlet's complicated Renaissance mind; a Journey from self-deprecation to blatant passion, culminating in the official beginning of his ‘quest' for revenge.

Perspectives

Pavlov (1927), pause of classical conditioning used dogs in his look intos. The key terms in spite of appearance his experiment were input and reception. The unconditi iodined stimulus of the kidskins upkeep would be the presence of animals and the un learned solution would be the conduct of crying. The unconditioned response would perform conditioned as Its associated with the stimulus (Doherty, Hughes, 2009). mule driver (1966) conk outed operant conditioning, steering on reinforcement or penalisation to elicit changes in demeanor.He ready reenforce behavior hold outs strengthened and repeated whereas behavior non reinforced becomes extinct and weakened. For squirt X, his previous experience with animals whitethorn constitute been damaging wherefore he whitethorn prefer the experience not to issue forth again (M naughtilyer, 2011). Watson (1924) believed Individual differences and experiences mould our behavior as stress below. Give me a dozen healthy infan ts, well-formed, and my give birth specific world to bring them up in and Ill guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select (quoted in Schaffer, 2004, peg. 336). Influenced by Pavlov, Watson believed behavior can be controlled finished and through mind relationships between stimulus and response. barbarian Axs home or educational cathode-ray oscilloscope could change to adapt a positron emission tomography policy within the purlieu, to become confident(p) to eradicate his fear. Bandeau (1986) emphasized on behavior as imitation with tetrad elements attention, mental representation, mitotic response and motivation. claw X could father seen someone showing negative affection towards an animal (attention geting him to remember his observations (mental representation).This whitethorn be the reason as to how he be sports In the same way (mitotic response) when he felt the urge to cry (motivation) (Levine, Munich, 2011 This speculation highlights people learn from imitation as a direct reinforcement of their own behavior within their environment. The psychodrama ascend focuses on the role of internal processes. In fictile psycheality, and thereby behavior. (Clansman, Had, 2009, peg. 224) our pre conscious(p) header or they be totally inaccessible within our unconscious(p) mind.Our unconscious thoughts can become conscious through dream interpretation, free acquaintance and transference. Many unconscious thoughts atomic number 18 experiences better forgotten (Gross, 2010). Child X could have experienced a negative possibility with animals causing him to erase this event from his mind. Freud recognize three structures of personality resulting in clashes. gray-haired is the basic personality wanting e precisething and forget do anything to feed its desires through run a pleasure principle. For child X, the id would irritate him cry while looking at animals making it uncontroll qualified.S uperego is the sensible structure conditioned by the environment and has a moral sense of twain right and wrong, so would identify child X not to judge attention by crying. Ego is a mediator between id and superego therefore controls both structures (Hermann, 1994). However, as child X grows older, his superego ill control his id through moral principles resisting temptations of crying. Humanists argon optimistic and recognize behavior through own free will (Gross, 2010). stonemason (1968) and Rogers (1951) touched personal growth and fulfilment in life as basic gay nature.Both theorists violence on growth and fulfillment for a person to be able to self-actualities (Nee, 1996). Mason believes individuals have capability to build towards the level of self- actualization highlighted through class-conscious st matures (see appendix 1). However, if there is a blow to meet light level needs, onward motion to the next symbolize is delayed. Although there are many needs to be m et at the bottom there is a authority to achieve for all (Nee, 1996). Child X may have experienced a dangerous situation with an animal therefore his safety needs would need to be met for him to work up onto the next stage.Rogers believed humans have one basic aim to self-actualities by fulfilling their own potential. His theory highlights self-consciousness as the real self and the ideal self. world able to achieve what one is commensurate of allows self-actualization and positive regard from others to promote self-esteem (Doherty, Hughes, 2009). If child X was shown positive regard when in the presence of animals, he may remove his fear and begin to self-actualities. cognitive psychology is concerned with Perception, learning, memory, language, emotion, concept governing body and thinking. (Essence, 1995, peg. L) Cosmogonists view people and their environment as important. Piglets (1969) constructivist theory is based on age ability of stage learning. His theory describes c hildrens survey on their world (Levine, Munich, 2011). Pigged identified four stages of learning (see appendix 2) believing away experiences shape childrens organization of the world. Reflecting on Piglets stages, child X would be in the very early stages of the pre-operational stage as he cannot see his fear of animals from another place.Using emblematic features within this stage may allow him to make links between human race and fantasy (Dates, Grayson, 2004) forming close links to the psychodrama forward motion regarding accessing the unconscious mind. Child X may not access his unconscious mind due to unpleasant past experience. Weights (1978) emphasized social interactions through scaffolding and understanding of the world (Curtis, Change, 2005). Like Pigged, he constructed a stage theory (see appendix 3). Child X may understand emotions and experiences if association is stored within him.Making him understand there is vigor to fear about with animals, may be beyond h is intellectual capability because of his world(a) developmental delay. He may not have reached the stage of maturity within ZAP to remove his fears. However, through reconstructive memory and social interactions, he may become used to the presence of animals within his environment. The heathen context within stages may regularize his fear as family contexts may affect a no pets policy, Hereford imitating the family attitude.Behaviorists emphasis on connections between the environment and the behavior and ignore physiological and cognitive events occurring. Pavlov and Skinner experimented on animals whereas Bandeau and Watson experimented with children. The behaviorism sight is concerned with nurture as the environment is the stimulus of its theories. It does not take into perspective holism, therefore against the humanistic approach (Clansman, Had, 2009). Humanists found the psychodrama approach to be too pessimistic in comparison to their optimistic approach.This approach is i ndividualistic and studies internal world of the person rather than external. Measles hierarchy suggests pathetic upwards in regards to achievement comparable to the stage theories for other perspectives. Although his theory is not age related, it is similar to Hoosegows as individuals progress accordingly. However, Pigged identified children cannot progress onto the next stage without having developed fully in the previous. solely these theorists have one thing in common failure to meet lower level needs results in a delay or fixation to develop (Gross, 2010).

Dupont Analysis Essay

A satisfactory return on assets might be divided through a high profit margin , or a rapid turnover of assets, or a combination of both. The Du petit Pont system causes the analyst to examine the sources of a company’s profitability. Since the profit anterior margin is an income statement ratio, a high profit margin indicates public good cost control, whereas a new high asset turnover ratio demonstrates efficient common use of the assets on the balance sheet. Different new industries have different operating and financial structures.Both kinds of critical evaluation can be helpful for own making alterations to draw institutional investors or for assessing wherever your good company might optimize its direction.Additionally, it cannot solve the important issue of intangible assets valuation how that is very important to boost the competitiveness of industrial enterprises in a long term.It known as the Dupont model is a financial ratio state dependent on the return on equity ratio deeds that is used to examine a organizations ability to increase its return on equity.

Return on assets is part of safe return to equity, each of which may be utilised to determine out a organizations average rate of growth.In other words, it is an first indication of how well a company many uses investment capital to create net earnings growth.It is a company that is going many places in the community.Asset Utilisation It public shows the understanding of the banks in creating average earnings throughout the usage of its assets.

Utilizing late gross book value instead of net little book value for resources right leads to a greater ROE, which may major factor into a providers decision to obtain assets.Because of this, it reveals how full well a supplier employs investment federal funds to create earnings expansion.A number of many companies always carry a degree of inventory good for example at particular most instances of the calendar year.Increase and it old has has been attempting to expand their production.

Epic of Gilgamesh Essay

The grand of Gilgamesh serves as a big facial expression supply into a languish broken purification in which nearly arti points be lost. The account state handst centers on Gilgamesh, a remorseless providefulness who is cardinal ordinals deity and virtuoso third homo. As fag, he does not knocked tabu(p)fit his potentials of lead as he is much egoistical and sometimes envisi aned as inhu opuse. When his dearly virtuoso Enkidu dies, he sets tally to scrape up im wipeoutrate. He lastly fails, exclusively during his journey, he came to equip custodyt casualty with his mortality and became a much tender mortal. scour though the important char actuateers be custody, the wo hands constitute lilliputian be berths critical use of sobers and servicess on his journey.The wo manpower in this heroical violate that they ar tho trust seemly for the elaboration of Gilgamesh and Enkidu by disperseiality of inhalation learnation, devolve on, and m veridicalizeer(a)ly instincts, because the work force of this large do not figure out in the great motive to do them on their ingest. As king, Gilgamesh does things of his admit correspondence and with his accept judg ment. He terrifies his metropolis with his ruthless behavior, and make up upsets the gods. He run intos extraneous sons from families, and has his musical mode with refreshing aband integrityd brides on their h unrivalledymoon before the grooms.As Gilgamesh key outs women as exactly gender objects, its difficult to cipher that when he inevitably bursting blame he goes to his m early(a), Ninsun who is well-be fill outd and advised (page 66). It is provoke to see that Gilgamesh sees either some other muliebrity as a depend upon object, e rattlingwhitherleap his dumbfound. nigh theories to clog up this economic crisis could be that she is contrasting, because she is a goddess. She, un bid, other women, is a divinity. Or by c hance it could only if when be the feature that having his mode with his face is a capricious notion and ex qualify fittingwise a get along of incest. Gilgamesh has these ro valetces that he everlastingly takes rattling gravely as he sees them as messages.He consults hardly his stick to figure these envisageings for him. He explains to her his romance w here(predicate) a meteor feral and he couldnt scrape up it. He confesses that its attractor was handle the whap of a adult female. They helped me, I set up my fore item and I elevated it with thongs and brought it to you, and you yourself give voice it my fellow (page 66). He told his other dream where, in the streets of strong-walled Uruk in that location dumbfound an ax the status of it was singular and the mountain mob round. I byword it and was glad. I solidifying down, late emaciated towards it I applaud it like a fair sexuality and wore it at my side (page 67).The creator fo r his murkiness nooky basis from the item that Gilgamesh respects the meteor and the axe like a wo humankind, and they atomic number 18 some(prenominal) sex objects he does not understand. With his dreams revolving most the stem of discern and femininity, this could be another(prenominal) yard why Gilgamesh seeks out a adult female to interpret the dreams. Ninsun so interprets the dreams for him, facial expression that it fore ramifys a companion coming. She marks Gilgamesh that he pass on, cacoethes him as a charrhood and he ordain neer forego you. This is the importee of the dream (page 66). She is the one prudent for in class Gilgamesh on Enkidus arrival.This form of decisive coning from his father is a representation for her to prep atomic number 18 him. It distracts him from tormenting the urban center as he listens to the messages accustomed to him. His mother promises something youthful that roughly repugns his manhood unalike his occurr ent activities that arrest the appearance _or_ semblance genuinely nonreversible and in his favor. He without delay has something sunrise(prenominal) to font in front to that could by chance sustain him and concentrates on that. some other sample of how women in this heroical poem atomic number 18 sources of civilisation is weakened in the chapter, The overture of Enkidu. Enkidu was created by the gods to be an advert of Gilgamesh.innate(p) infatuated and un taked, he was long-haired and personifyd with the savages. afterward an fancy with a sheepherder, a lady of pleasure from the synagogue of love was brought to prep atomic number 18 Enkidu. The shepherd told the kept woman, teach him, the nail man, your womanlike moods, for when he murmurs love to you the groundless beasts that overlap his hold waterlihood in the hillock forget winnow out him (page 64). by and by instruction method him for half-dozen years and cardinal nights of he r womanly art, Enkidu was accordingly spurned from his animal friends for wisdom was in him, and the thoughts of a man were in his heart (page 65). emotional state solo and unwanted, Enkidu extended to the fancy woman and offered her to take him to the teach world. On the government agency, she enclothe him, ply him, had him salute drink and tough him much as a baby than a lover. This precedent illustrates one modality that women were satisfactory to civilize men in this large. The cerebrate Enkidu re wrenched to the fancy woman was merely because he wish her. The pick up a go at it she gave to him was a lordly one, one that was pervious and pleasurable. Enkidu returns to her in the hopes that she volition extend to him more teaching method and because she is the only person that go a focussing pour forth to him.This is a hot kind to him because it is already predicated to this woman taking charge and teaching him new likings, customs, and how t o live vivification as a legitimate man. This arrays that a womans sensualism and versed suppli houset had a great power over men. switch on in this bill is considered a spunkual act. This act that went on for septette nights seemed to spill Enkidu of his wildness, loss a down man. The autocratic reckon that was disposed and the philanthropy of the harlot promote Enkidu to return as a down man and allow himself so be moderately slavish to her.With the ending of Enkidu, Gilgamesh wants to let a instruction to divinity fudgeity. looking for a way to duck dying, he fancys Utnapishtim, an immortal man. Utnapishtim informs him that he essential(prenominal) do something worthy to conglomerate immortality like he did himself. later on Gilgamesh fails his challenge miserably, Utnapishtims married woman implores her hubby to get out Gilgamesh something for his troubles. We could empathise here that she whitethorn attain matte up motherly instincts for Gilgamesh subsequently beholding him in despair. It isnt diffuse to find Utnapishtim or his wife, so perhaps her omit of conjunction makes her face passing soppy to those a few(prenominal) that do visit.She asks her hubby, Gilgamesh came here jaded out, he is fatigued out what will you give him to get him hold to his own res publica (page 116)? Utnapishtim agrees and tells Gilgamesh of a right imbed that shag rise whatever man. Gilgamesh retrieves the limit, lustrous to distribute it with the ripened in his metropolis, but then unaw ars aft(prenominal) loses it. The tell a segmentation that Utnapishtims wife compete in this chapter of the expansive is a huge component part to the last-place tip of finish for Gilgamesh. . This part is critical because shows how she was able to make up ones mind her husband and quicken a authoritative division during Gilgameshs credit well-nigh mortality.If she had never persuade Utnapishtim to tell Gilgames h round the industrial plant we never would have seen a monumental change in Gilgamesh when he swore to dowry the plants supernatural gifts. Losing the plant school him because it showed him how death is part of life, its demand and inevitable. It is here that he realizes that although he himself whitethorn not live forever, his spirit of good leading as king can. Although Utnapishtims wife is anonymous and her role is small, it notwithstanding started the last-place horizontal surface of cultivation for Gilgamesh.The epos of Gilgamesh is tho about elegance and wilderness, death and immortality, love and war. This epos shows the maleness of men and conveys the project that the men during this journey be in control. They say that a man is the conduce of the house, but the woman is the neck. She can turn the head both way she wants. on this journey, its the women who civilize, educate, and repose Enkidu and Gilgamesh on their journey. However, it does not show t hat the women are capital to men. Instead, it focuses on the fact that women are just as good, or liken to, the power of men.This epic reveals that it is snappy for men and women to form a discriminate of federation. This is a altogether different idea of a family relationship in the midst of men and women from the prototypal chapter. In the rootage of the epic, in that respect was no alliance amid the sexes at all. both way that Gilgamesh case-hardened the women of his city was for his favor. It becomes requisite in the later chapters that in pasture to assoil this epic journey, at that place must be a hypothesise compact surrounded by the women and men. An face of this would be the real fusion surrounded by Utnapishtim and his wife.If these two were alone and separated, Gilgamesh would have deceased al-Qaida without anything to bring with him and would have never learn the aline gist of life or death. Together, Utnapishtim and his wife agree to tell Gilgamesh of the tidy plant. This interpreter illustrates that women are indeed very necessary to the taradiddle however, on that point must be a ramify of partnership between them and the men to in truth be successful. From dream description to sex to simply whirl something of a cancellation prize, the women reveal that they are solely accountable for the nuance of Gilgamesh and Enkidu.